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rtedthegreatnationalistic revoltagainstnapoleon,ablood oftheuntryfortheirking,he ngressalloains.this vireature,k fouryearsofhislifeasaprisonerofnapoleon.hehadiroved hisdaysbyknittinggarntsforthestatuesofhis favouritepatronsaints.hecelebratedhisretubyreintrodug theinquisitionaurechaer,bothofh hadbeenabolishedbytherevolution.heing person,despisedaschbyhissubjectsasbyhisfourwives, buttheholyallianate throneandalleffortsofthedetspaniardstogetridofthis endedin bloodshedaions. palhadbeenhoutakingsiheyear1807when theroyalfalyhadfledtotheloniesinbrazil.theuntry hadbeenusedasabaseofsupplyforthearesof thepeninsula1808 until1814.after1815palntiobeasortof britishproviilthehouseauedtothe throne,leavisersbehindinriodejaneiro aseerorofbrazil,theonlyarieireed forrethaoanendin1889 earepublic. i,nothingprovetheterriblenditions ofboththeslavsandthegreeksillsubjects ofthesultan.intheyear1804blackgee,aservian shefouhekarageeviastyhad startedarevoltagainsttheturks,buthehadbeeed byhiseneesandhadbeenrderedbyoneofhissupposed friends,therivalservianleader,calledloshobrenovich, ethefouheobrenoviastyandthe turkshadntiobetheundisputedstersofthe balkans. thegreeks,helossoftheirindependewo thousandyearsbefore,hadbeensubjeaians, therons,theveiansaurks,hadhopedthattheir untryn,capodistria,anativeofrfuandtogether ostintitepersonalfriendsof alexahingforthebutthengress ofviennauch iedinkeepingall``legititenarhristian, slendotherheirrespectivethroherefore nothingwasdone. thelast,butperhapsthegreatestbluhengress entofgerny.therefortionandthe thirtyyearsoroyedtheprosperityofthe untry,buthadtueditintoahopelesspoliticalrubbish heap,nsistingofaupleofkingdo,afehies, alargenuerofduargravates,principalities, baronies,electorates,freecitiesandfreevillages, ruledbythestraassortntofpotehatwasever seenofftheiperastage.frederickthegreathad gedthisedastrongprussia,butthisstate hadnotsurvivedhiynyyears. napoleonhadbluepehedendforindependence ofstoftheselittleuntries,andonlyfiftytofa totalofrethanthreehundredhadsurvivedtheyear1806. duringtheyearsofthegreatstruggleforindependeny ayoungsoldierhaddreadofaneherlandthatshould bestrongandunited.buttherebenounionhouta strongleadership,ahisleader theresinthegernspeakinglands. therulersofthese,austriaandprussia,werekingsby thegraceofgod.therulersofthreeothers,bavaria,saxony andberg,hegraapoleon,and astheyhadbeehfulhenperor,their patriotireditanshereforenotvery good. thengresshadestablishedaneanion, aleagueofthirtyeightsnstates,uhechairnship ofthekingofaustria,he eerorofaustria.itakeshiftarra a, etintheoldronationcityoffrankfort.hadbeen attersof``npolidiortance. butinthisdiet,thirtyeightdelegatesrepresehirtyeight differentisandasnodecisionuldbetakenhouta ous gernionbecaverysoonthelaughingstock ofeuropeandthepolitipirebegantoresele thoseofourtralarieighboursiiesand thefiftiesofthelasttury. itiliatingtothepeoplerificed everythingforanationalideal.butthengress iedintheprivatefeelingsof``subjects,andthedebate losed. didanybodyobjectstassuredly.assoonasthefirst feelingofhatredagainstnapoleonhadquieteddownassoon astheenthusiasfthegreatwarhadsubsidedassoonas thepeopleethathadbeen ttedinthenaof``peadstabilitytheybeganto rr.theyevehreatsofope.but uldtheydotheyercy ofthestpitilessaheworldhad everseen. theersofthengressofviennaholyandsincerely believedthat``therevolutionaryprinciplehadledto theereeror napoleon.theyfeltthattheyoeradicate theadherentsofthesocalled``frenchideasjustasphilipii hadonlyfollohevoiewhenhebued protestantsedors.inthebeginningofthesixteenth turyanbelieveinthedivineright ofthepopetorulehissubjectsashesaic andit.inthe beginningofthehtury,oiofeurope, anbelieveinthedivinerightofhiskingto rulehisheorhisprinistersa,id ittothe polidseethathegotpunished. buttherulersoftheyear1815hadleaedeffi thesedtheirtaskch betterthanithadbeeheyear1517.theperiod betheyear1815andthe ...